Go Filipino - 18. Let's Talk About Directions (Pronouns, Part 4)

A pseudo breakdown transcript of the podcast Go Filipino Lesson 18 by Kris Andres. For more information about Kris and his podcast check out his Patreon!

This episode brought to you today by the Tagalog word Bibingka.

Bibingka - A type of rice cake traditionally cooked and server during the Christmas season. Interestingly, it is also server in Indonesia also served during the Christmas season.

Locative Pronouns

This batch of plural personal locative pronouns replaces nouns or noun phrases introduced by the markers sa, kay, and kina.

Amin

amin - Exclusive, first person, plural, locative pronoun. Which means us, or our, but not including you.

• Also indicates possession.

The first function of akin is as a possession marker placed before a noun.

Aming hardin - Our (excluding you) garden.

• Aming - Our, excluding you
• hardin - Garden

amin also functions as a location indicator.

May piyesta sa amin bukas - There is a festival at our village tomorrow.

• May - A presence indicator, usually translated in English as "there is"
• piyesta - Festival
• sa - Direction Marker
• amin - Our (excluding you)
  • In this context sa amin means our place, or our village.
• bukas - Tomorrow

The third function of amin is to indicate the direction of the verb.

Tumawag siya sa amin - He/she called us (not including you)

• Tumawag - Called, or the act of calling has happened
• siya - translate
• sa - translate
• amin - translate

Finally, amin also functions as a beneficiary or as a reason indicator. Depending on the context.

Masaya ang party dahil sa amin - The party was fun because of us (not including you).

• Masaya - Happy/fun
• ang - Focus Marker
• party - party
• dahil - because
  • Tagalog speaker can sometimes also use nang dahil
  • But it is usually used only in formal settings
• sa - direction marker
• amin - us (not including you)

Atin

Atin - Inclusive person plural locative pronoun. Which means us, or our, including you. An example as a possession indicator:

Ating bakuran - Our backyard.

• Ating - Our (including you)
• Bakuran - Backyard
  • Bakod - Root word - Fence.
  • Bakuran - Literally mean, the place surrounded by a fence.

Nasa atin ang pag-asa - Hope is within us.

• Nasa - Adverb that indicates where an object is located.
  • Can mean in, or within
• atin - Us (including you)
• ang - Focus marker
• pag-asa - Hope
  • ada - Root word - Waiting for something to happen

As a direction indicator:

Lumayo mula sa atin na malas - Bad luck went far from us, or bad luck has left us.

• Lumayo - Went far, or the act of going far has happened
• mula - from
  • Some Tagalog speakers omit this word, thinking based on the context of the sentence, lumayo already implies the from piece of it.
• sa - Direction marker
• atin - us (including you)
• ang - Focus marker
• malas - Bad Luck
  • Comes from the Spanish word mala which means bad or evil.

As beneficiary or a reason behind the verb:

Lumaban siya para sa atin - He/she fought for us

• Lumaban - fought, or the act of fighting has already happened
• siya - he/she
• para - for
• sa - Beneficiary marker
• atin - Us (including you)

Inyo

inyo - Second person plural locative pronoun. You/your for multiple people, depending on the context. As a possession marker an example would be:

Inyong labada - Your laundry

• Inyong - Your
• labada - laundry load
  • As a pile of dirty clothes or newly washed clothes

As a location indicator:

Pumasyal ako sa inyo kahapon - I visited your place yesterday, or I came by your place yesterday.

• Pumasyal - Visited or the act of visiting has happened
  • pasyal - Root Word - To visit
  • Which was borrowed from the Spanish root word pasear. Which means to walk.
• ako - I
• sa - Direction indicator
• inyo - Your
  • In this context though, sa inyo means "At your place".
  • It can mean you as an individual as in your apartment.
  • Or you as a family as in your house.
  • Or you as a group of neighbors as in your village/city.
• kahapon - Yesterday

As a direction indicator:

Lumapit sa inyo ang suwerte - Good luck has approached you all. Or good luck has come near you all.

• Lumapit - Approached or the act of approaching has happened
• sa - Direction indicator
• inyo - You all
• ang - Focus marker
• suwerte - Good luck
  • This word was also borrowed from Spanish, suerte.

As a beneficiary or reason indicator:

Masaya ako dahil sa inyo - I'm happy because of you all

• Masaya - Happy, as an adjective that serves as a predicate
• ako - I
• dahil - Because
  • Remember you can use nang before dahil when speaking in a formal setting.
• sa - Beneficiary indicator
• inyo - You all

Kanila

Kanila - Third person plural locative pronoun. Which means Their or them depending on the context. As a possession marker:

Kanilang bakasyon - Their vacation

• Kanilang - Their
• Bakasyon - Vacation
  • Borrowed from Spanish and respelled using Tagalog spelling rules.

As a location indicator:

Wala si Mario sa kanila - Mario is not in their place.

• Wala - The absence indicator. Opposite of may or merong.
  • Without
• si - Focus name marker
• sa - Location indicator
• kanila - In this context sa kanila means: at their place.
  • It could also mean another family's house.

As a direction indicator:

Tumakbo sa kanila ang dalaga - The young lady ran to them.

• Tumakbo - Ran, or the action of running has already happened
• sa - Direction indicator
• kanila - Them
• ang - Focus marker
• dalaga - Young Lady, usually a teenager girl or an unmarried young woman

As a beneficiary or reason indicator:

Nalungkot ang binata para sa kanila - The young man became sad for them.

• Nalungkot - Became sad, or the act of becoming sad has happened
• ang - Focus marker
• binata - Young man, either as a teenage boy or young adult man
• para - For
• sa - Beneficiary indicator
• kanila - Them

Outro

Tagalog Proverb

Ubos-ubos biyaya pagkatapos nakatunganga - Run your blessings empty and you will end up staring at nothing. Do not spend your money frivolously.